ExtrudoWhy is my 3D print poor first-layer adhesion?
Poor first-layer adhesion is usually caused by the bed isn't level, the nozzle is too far from the bed, or the surface is dirty or too cool. The print won't stick to the bed, or peels up during the first few layers
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Quick reference
| Defect | Most likely cause | First thing to try |
|---|---|---|
| Poor first-layer adhesion | The bed isn't level, the nozzle is too far from the bed, or the surface is dirty or too cool | Re-level the bed |
What it looks like
The print won't stick to the bed, or peels up during the first few layers
Most likely cause
The bed isn't level, the nozzle is too far from the bed, or the surface is dirty or too cool
How do I fix poor first-layer adhesion? Step-by-step
- 1
Re-level the bed
Run your printer's bed leveling routine (manual or automatic) and check all corners and center are even.
Done when: A sheet of paper drags with slight resistance under the nozzle at every point checked
- 2
Clean the bed surface
Wipe the bed with isopropyl alcohol to remove oils and dust that stop plastic from sticking.
Done when: No visible smudges or residue on the bed
- 3
Adjust your Z-offset
Lower the nozzle very slightly (0.02-0.05mm steps) if the first layer looks like it's not touching the bed enough.
Done when: First layer lines look slightly flattened, not round and raised
- 4
Add a brim or adhesive
Add a brim in your slicer, or use a thin layer of glue stick or hairspray on the bed for extra grip.
Done when: First layer stays flat and stuck through the first 5-10 layers
Frequently asked
What causes poor first-layer adhesion in 3D prints?
The bed isn't level, the nozzle is too far from the bed, or the surface is dirty or too cool
How do I fix poor first-layer adhesion on my printer?
Follow the step-by-step fix above, starting with "Re-level the bed". Each step includes a "done when" check so you know whether it worked before moving on.
Is this fix confirmed by other makers?
This entry is part of Extrudo's seeded defect library. Confirmation counts appear once real users report the fix worked.
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